The Process Of Leading And Directing Construction Essay

Two characters from The Crucible by Author Miller that should be pardoned Essays

Two characters from The Crucible by Author Miller that ought to be absolved Essays Two characters from The Crucible by Author Miller that ought to be exculpated Essay Two characters from The Crucible by Author Miller that ought to be exonerated Essay Paper Topic: The Crucible Two characters from The Crucible by Author Miller that ought to be exculpated are John Proctor and Rebecca Nurse. These two characters from the play were rebuffed for something that they were not liable for, and have no proof that they were genuinely liable. Since in their time, individuals had nothing more than trouble information on study of the manner in which things occurred, they needed to accuse something. What they accept was the reason for the entirety of this is Witch make. Accepting that John and Rebecca were in this frenzy. John Proctor was charged that he is a witch by Marry Warren; she clarifies that he is f the demons man and that he signs the fallen angels book. Wed said to the Judge, Sir Danforth that she realizes that John is a man of the fallen angel. Dont contact me! Youre the fallen angels ) Mary conflicts with John by telling the court that he is a witch and was driving her to tell the court that the young ladies were lying. Since the episode the young ladies of the forested areas, they have the ability to state what they need, causing the individuals and the court to accept that she is correct and Proctor isn't right. At that point she continues saying that she is stirred by John around evening time and signs this book with his finger on her neck. You are joined with anit-crist? IVe seen your capacity you won't deny it. ( ) Sr. Danforth claims that John does some working with anit-crist (Satan). Delegate at that point clarifies that he hears the means of Lucifer and sees his face and Danforths. By him advising this to Danforth, he is shocked, Proctor essentially snickering at his comment. Delegate realizing that he is stating an untruth and that every last bit of it is a falsehood. As indicated by the article Any man or lady [to] honey bee a witch, that is, hath or talked with a natural soul, they will honey bee put to eath. (Passage 3, lines 24-25) Unfortunaly, in light of Marry to stay away from her own demise, she charges John. She utilizes misrepresentation to assist her with getting away from death. Be that as it may, unfortunate John gets put the accuse costing his life. Having no contribution with the villain, his life closes there. As expressed in the article any individual who carries out such a wrongdoing, passing is the main answer. The last individual who ought to be exculpated is Rebecca Nurse. She is likewise blamed for being a witch, and that she is associated with black magic. Its difficult to feel that so ious ladies be covertly a Devils bitch, following multi year of such great ) Everyone in the town cannot get it through their brains that such a supplication. ( great individual like Rebecca is blamed for doing and submitting such repulsive things. After such huge numbers of long periods of petitions, and her being a profound individual. For somebody like her how might she be denounced? For the grand powerful homicide of Anne Putmans babies. ( ) Anne cannot accept that god would take into account Rebeccas infants to endure, and hers not. So she guarantees that she had of must utilized some kind of witch pontoon on her; which is the puzzling reason for death of Annes (her) kids. Her own better half even inquiries her by saying that she understands books. During their time the main book they were permitted to peruse was the good book whatever else including books is of the fiend. Reverend Hale accepts its every one of the an untruth and he says damnation do anything in his willing capacity to bring Rebecca home: before her execution. In every one of the New 1, line 21) Annes Jealousy of Rebecca made her motivation her life. While she couldnt acknowledge the way that she couldnt have one and Rebecca had numerous. Much the same as John she was the unfortunate honest individual who ended their life. Along these lines, Rebecca and John were the unfortunate substitute who were deplorable and cost them their lives. John could have gotten away from his demise in the event that it wasnt for Marry to come clean to the court and not have gotten away with her own capital punishment. Because of Annes Jealousy Rebecca made some diligently memories attempting to demonstrate her honesty. It was difficult to accept to the individuals that a decent ladies like he is being charged for a wrongdoing like that. The most honest man could have been the most despised man in Salem.

Experiential Avoidance and PTSD

Experiential Avoidance and PTSD PTSD Coping Print Experiential Avoidance and PTSD By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 24, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Aleli Dezmen / Cultura / Getty Images Experiential avoidance is an attempt or desire to suppress unwanted internal experiences, such as emotions, thoughts, memories and bodily sensations. This unwillingness to stay in contact with internal experiences is thought to underlie many unhealthy escape behaviors, such as substance use, risky sexual behavior, and deliberate self-harm, and may increase the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in people who have experienced a severe trauma. Understanding Experiential Avoidance Avoiding negative internal experiences is a natural instinct that serves to protect us from harm. However, psychologists dating back to Sigmund Freud have argued that such avoidance can also negatively impact our mental health and behaviors. In the 1990s, psychologists began referring to these avoidance and escape behaviors as experiential avoidance. Experiential avoidance is seen as a coping style that may perpetuate problems or produce new ones. For example, trying to not to feel anxious may perpetuate anxiety instead of allowing it to dissipate. In 1996, psychologists from the University of Nevada wrote in an important paper that many forms of psychopathology are not merely bad problems, they are also bad solutions, based on a dangerous and ineffective use of experiential avoidance strategies. Since then, experiential avoidance has been associated with: Anxiety and generalized anxiety disorderBipolar disorderDeliberate self-harmHigh-risk sexual behaviorObsessive-compulsive disorderPanic disorderSubstance abuseSuicideTrauma and post-traumatic stress disorder  Trichotillomania How Experiential Avoidance Hurts People With PTSD Experiential avoidance is believed to increase a traumatized persons risk of developing and maintaining PTSD. For example, a study published in 2014 found that abused children were much more likely to develop PTSD if they tried to avoid painful thoughts and emotions after the abuse rather than talking about their negative feelings. Experiential avoidance strategies may in part explain why 40% of children who are abused develop PTSD over the course of their lives, while the other 60% do not. Experiential avoidance is one of three emotion regulation strategies believed to increase the risk of PTSD. The other two emotion regulation strategies implicated in PTSD are rumination and thought suppression. Experiential Avoidance, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for PTSD The opposite of avoidance is acceptance. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a behavioral psychotherapy that was developed to reduce experiential avoidance. ACT is based in the idea that suffering comes not from the experience of emotional pain, but from our attempted avoidance of that pain. Its overarching goal is to help people be open to and willing to have their inner experiences while focusing attention not on trying to escape or avoid pain (because this is impossible to do) but instead, on living a meaningful life. There are five goals of ACT: Recognizing that trying to escape from emotional pain will never workRealizing that trying to control the pain is the problemViewing yourself as separate from your thoughtsLetting  go of attempts to avoid or control thoughts and feelings  Living a meaningful and rewarding life ACT is one form of treatment recommended for PTSD and other psychological problems related to experiential avoidance. Also Known As: emotional avoidance, emotional unwillingness, thought suppression, unwillingness

Imagery And Figures Of Speech - 1361 Words

How do poems, which are usually rather short, say so little but mean so much? How can a sentence connect with an object without ever implicating the objects name? How can passages ignite certain emotions in us without directly stating to do so? Imagery and figures of speech allow authors to evoke reactions that would otherwise be impossible through plain language. While adding â€Å"decoration† to poems, such as making them sound pretty or seem sophisticated, imagery and figures of speech also enhance the meaning. For example, when a passage is described in vivid detail through imagery, the reader is able to imagine a picture in their head which carries certain senses of touch, taste, hear, and smell which are unique to each reader. Each reader will bring a different lens and interpretation to each poem. The following Renaissance era writers wrote poems using the analogy of hunting a deer, to describe a male lover’s attempt to win the love of his female beloved. These p oets both used imagery and figures of speech to create their messages about human love through the analogy of hunting. In Sir Thomas Wyatt’s poem, â€Å"Whoso List to Hunt,† the speaker is understood to be an obsessed hunter who is discouraged by his inability to catch the deer he has been chasing. Wyatt uses imagery to show the frustration the hunter has experienced. In line three Wyatt states, â€Å"the vain travail hath wearied me so sore.† The latter part of this line appeals to the readers’ sense of touch. TheShow MoreRelatedHow Fredrick Douglass Conveys His Points in The Narrative Life of Fredrick Douglass Through Syntax, Imagery, and Figures of Speech664 Words   |  3 PagesThis excerpt, in addition to the whole narrative, is aimed at white intelligent people since Fredrick Douglass’s audience could only people who knew how to read and write in 1838. Fredrick Douglass conveys his point through his syntax, imagery, and figures of speech. An example of Douglass’s syntax is his use of juxtaposition. Juxtaposition is two opposing ideas next to each other to bring more attention to the issue. Douglass does this throughout the whole excerpt when comparing freedom and slaveryRead MoreThe Road Not Taken By Robert Frost908 Words   |  4 Pagestheir duties. This poem uses many elements to emphasize death. Robert Frost uses the poetic elements of imagery, figures of speech, and symbolism to illustrate the theme of death in the poem Out, Out─. Robert Frost uses the poetic element of imagery to illustrate the theme of death. In Out, Out─, Frost writes â€Å"The buzz snarled and rattled in the yard† (line 1), this line creates sensory imagery to both sound and sight. The use of the word snarled in the first line of the poem makes the object comeRead MoreDr. King s Letter From Birmingham Jail1667 Words   |  7 Pagesevident in the community, Dr. King delivered two of his most noted works called the â€Å"I have a Dream† speech and â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† to the public. These two pieces, quickly following each other in succession, were literary works of Dr. King devoted to the cause of racial equality and used eclectic devices and appeals to achieve that goal. King’s purpose bolstered in his â€Å"Letter† and â€Å"Dream† speech by key rhetorical devices are supported by audience oriented diction and appeals. King’s rhetoricalRead MoreAnalysis Of John F. Kennedys Inauguration Speech716 Words   |  3 PagesOngoing themes of patriotism, progression, international support, and a new era throughout Kennedy’s inauguration speech portray his legacy. Also contributing to the legacy of JFK is the styles of the three documents using rhetorical appeals, imagery, parallelism, and sophisticated diction. Ethical and empathetic appeals make connections to the audience throughout Kennedy’s Inauguration speech. Kennedy uses rhetoric to achieve his purpose of starting a new era. Millions of Americans and citizens aroundRead MoreI Have A Dream Rhetorical Devices Essay1248 Words   |  5 PagesKing Jr. gave his famous â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech in the front of the Lincoln memorial in Washington, D. C. Dr. King’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech uses many rhetorical devices to enhance the effectiveness of his message which states his want for freedom and racial equality for African Americans. Three rhetorical devices stand out prominently: imagery, allusion, and anaphora. Dr. King uses the rhetorical device imagery in his â€Å"I have a dream† speech. Imagery is the use of figurative language to evokeRead MoreNotes on Poetry1113 Words   |  5 Pagesshot the spirit on Further than target ever showed or shone How does poetry help you see yourself/your world differently? Imagery Imagery is when the poet describes the items in the poem and the reader can picture or feel as the poet wants them to. When poets use imagery they want the reader to be able to see in their mind what the poem is about. Imagery is used with adjectives. The Gladiator Kevin Prufer When I died When my blood feathered away and I staredRead MoreSong of Lawino1437 Words   |  6 PagesThrough the character of Lawino, p’Bitek conveys his message that Acholi and Western cultures could be fused in the era of Westernization. In making his point, p’Bitek employs techniques, namely the language, diction, syntax structures, imagery, and figures of speech, to ensure that Song of Lawino supports both Acholi and Western characteristics. Furthermore, the reader could apply p’Bitek’s idea to any cultural clash and understand that a balanced blending of the cultures could settle the conflictRead MoreThe Beauty Of Love In Shakespeares Sonnet 1161112 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeare communicates the beauty of love through the use of imagery, symbolism, and figure of speech to convey its overall theme. In â€Å"Sonnet 130†, Shakespeare makes fun of the traditional sonnet content of Petrarch, by contrasting its metaphors. During Shakespeare’s era, love poems were written to praise the beauty of women, and in this sonnet, Shakespeare reveals the mistress’ flaws to demonstrate that clichà © figures of speech are unnecessary to prove love. In line 1, â€Å"My mistress’ eyes areRead MoreJohn Keats: The Next Shakespeare Essay829 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout Keats’s poems in our literature book, there are several ways he writes his poems. John Keats uses the forms of imagery, personification, figures of speech, and sound structure in his poetry. First of all Keats uses the structure of imagery in his poetry, but much more so in the poem, â€Å"When I have fears that I may Cease to Be.† A prime example of the usage of imagery by Keats in this poem is when Keats states, â€Å"Before high-piled books in character, hold like rich garners the full ripenedRead MorePoem Analysis : Ride Bus By Ruth Foreman And Making It935 Words   |  4 Pagesrepetition and imagery among others. To begin with, the poems introduction to poetry and Poetry should ride a bus uses repetition of the word â€Å"I†. In the introduction to poetry, I is repeated in the phrases I ask them(1), I say drop(5) and I want them (9). Making it in poetry, on the other hand, repeats the phrase â€Å"I write poems I said† (6-7, 9-10). Secondly, poetry should ride a bus and introduction to poetry use imagery in describing the poems. In introduction to poetry, imagery is depicted

The Great Barrier Reef ( Gbr ) - 1573 Words

The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is located off the coast Queensland, Australia and stretches over 1800 miles. The reef is home to around 1500 species of tropical fish, and over 400 kinds of coral. This is a species diversity playground for many biologists. There is also a major concern that is upon the reef. Climate change is a main concern throughout the world. When referring to climate change people think of a change in climate patterns that can not be reversed once started. The Great Barrier Reef is one that is greatly affected by climate change. Reefs can be hurt easily by this major effect that is taking place on the Earth. According to one article climate change will effect coral reefs so bad that it will take them to a their tipping point and they won’t be able to make a turn around (O. Hoegh-Guldberg, et al). The Greenhouse affect is when the sun warms the planet breakdowns the atmosphere and more radiation comes through. This a major concern for the reef due to the fact that this causes climate change. The major key gas that the reef looks at is carbon dioxide. Coral reefs already release .02 to .08 Gt C carbon dioxide (Ware, J.R., et. al.) This combined with the CO2 that is released from the greenhouse affect puts a strain on the reef such as ocean acidity levels rising. Climate change can affect the Great Barrier Reef by sea levels rising from glaciers melting, light levels, changes in currents, and ocean acidity levels. According to JE Johnson and PA Marshal theShow MoreRelatedThe Location Of An Ecosystem1281 Words   |  6 Pagesparticular ecosystems. The Great Barrier Reef is found along the Queensland coastline. It stretches as far north as Papa New Guinea, 8o South Latitude, to just above (north) of Fraser Island, 24o South Latitude, (an approximate 2300 Km stretch). There are four main regions along the Great Barrier Reef. These are The Northern, Central, Mackay, and Southern Region. The Great Barrier Reef also has continuity both geographically and temporally. Reef drilling data has proved that the reef in the north is 1kmRead MoreA Statement Of Grant Purpose1493 Words   |  6 PagesCoral Coral Dive into the astounding natural wonder of the world’s largest, most complex, yet fragile ecosystem with Coral, an immersive virtual reality film set in The Great Barrier Reef. Explore 360 degrees around the most spectacular maritime scenery on earth and examine diverse marine life flourish the colorful coral reef ecosystem. Listen closely to an Aboriginal Australian woman announce an ancient proverb, â€Å"We are all visitors to this time, this place. We are just passing through. Our purposeRead MoreGreat Barrier Reef893 Words   |  4 PagesThe Great Barrier Reef a World Heritage listed, it is the vastest stretch of coral reef in the world. This essay will provide information on how the Great Barrier Reef is being protected against global warming for our future generations. We all love going to the beach for a swim or a snorkel however a different image was created by an article published by the Australian Academy of Science on their web site Nova Science in the News (2 009): â€Å"Imagine you are on a beautiful tropical island on theRead More Shipping and the Great Barrier Reef Essay4636 Words   |  19 Pagesthe Great Barrier Reef Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is an unparalleled marine ecosystem that holds rank as one of the world’s most valuable natural wonders. The abundance of sea life offers both intrinsic and physical benefits, but unfortunately this extraordinary habitat is now threatened from several different angles. One of the greatest threats to the GBR is the presence of popular shipping routes which surround and penetrate the reef. These ships naturally pollute the GBR, butRead MoreAnalysis Of David Weaver s Ecotourism1626 Words   |  7 Pagesmentioned, the research question for this bachelor thesis is about how GBR can be seen as a sustainable destination. To figure this out, it is important to understand how tourism or visitors affect the GBR. During the interview with Weaver, he expresses himself about climate change, chemical waste, tourism impacts, global warming, etc. According to Weaver, tourism impacts includes that the good outcomes overwhelmed the negative impact s in GBR. Visitors bring a big amount of money to the area through entryRead MoreThe Bleaching Of Coral And Its Effects On Human Activities976 Words   |  4 Pagesactivities such as overfishing, pollution, disturbance in the reef and global warming. The bleaching of coral due to natural activities can be hard to control but the negative effects caused by human activities can be. Although if the reefs have any hope of recovery drastic actions needs to be taken to reduce carbon emissions, and to control policing and protection of these areas. COTS Outbreaks COTS or Crown of Thorn Starfish are important to the reefs ecosystems to maintain numbers fasting growing specieRead MoreThe Great Barrier Reef Is Important1142 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Barrier Reef is one of the seven wonders around the world. It is approximately 344,400 kilometers long. The Great Barrier Reef is home to many marine organisms. More than 1,500 species of fish live in the Great Barrier Reef. The coral that forms The Great Barrier Reef is made of polyps. Billions of living coral polyps are attached to the reef. The colour of these polyps range from blue, green, purple, red and yellow. As the largest living structure on the planet, the Great Barrier ReefRead MoreEssay about Bleaching of Coral is Harming the Environment2094 Words   |  9 PagesMETHODS Bleaching occurrences have happened before the 1980s; however detailed information could not be gathered due to lack of reporting (Berkelmans, De’ath and Kininmonth). In 1911, the first bleaching event was reported at Bird Key Reef in the Florida Keys, in which unfamiliar warm weathers caused â€Å"injury† upon the corals and the death of many fishes (Berkelmans, De’ath and Kininmonth). In 1998, the worst bleaching event was recorded. In some parts of the world, live corals were completely harmedRead MoreMovie Review : Making The Revenant 1775 Words   |  8 Pageswarming destroying parts of civilization but it is also is destroying some of the most beautiful sea life. The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) in Australia is known for the most amazing coral and fascinating sea life that live within it. The reef covers 134,364 square miles and is the home to over four hundred types of coral and five thousand types of fish and mollusk species. Coral in the reef start to bl each and lose their color from consistent warm ocean temperatures. If the coral is under too much stressRead MoreEffects Of Pesticides On The Food Of The Public1457 Words   |  6 Pagescontamination of nearshore marine systems, including the Great Barrier Reef area. In all these areas, agricultural herbicides have long been used. These herbicides causes contaminants to enter the marine environment, and cause very slow degradation rates of the ecosystem. Before this study, the fate of these contaminants in marine environments was misunderstood. The study evaluated the usage of photosystem II (PSII) herbicides in the Great Barrier Reef region. Over the course of 12 months, experiments were

Do you agree that Yeats creates a scene of tragic intensity in Purgatory Free Essays

Do you agree that Yeats creates a scene of tragic intensity in Purgatory, or is the play too short and the characters too thinly evinced for this to be the case? The play Purgatory was written in 1938 by Yeats as a single-scene play revolving around the idea of tragic intensity. Yeats was a philosophical writer, choosing meaningful subject matters to discuss in his work. In this case, he chose to symbolise the destruction of Ireland created by the controversy of religion after being inspired by other plays such as Shakespeare’s Hamlet and using the definitions set out by Aristotle after he studied the elements that made up a great tragedy. We will write a custom essay sample on Do you agree that Yeats creates a scene of tragic intensity in Purgatory? or any similar topic only for you Order Now In order to create a successful tragedy, Yeats used the Aristotelian unities: time, action and place. The timing of the play ensures a strong plausibility as the action is all dealt with in real-time, therefore reducing the imagination needed on behalf of the audience increasing the plausibility. The setting throughout the play is in a confined place upon the stage with very few changes made, allowing little release of tension. This intimate setting forces closeness between the characters and audience: though it finishes with the Old Man abandoning the scene leaving it desolate. The complexity of Shakespeare’s Hamlet, there are more precise actions and plot in Purgatory, making it easier to understand, and allowing the seemingly simple plot to have all attention on it, resulting in a claustrophobic and tense atmosphere. In Purgatory there are only two characters for the audience to focus on, which provides enough space and time in his play to create characters that are evinced clearly enough to serve their purpose as model examples of an old and a young boy, which provides the plot with a deeper impact. Due to the relationship between the father and son, there is intensity between the characters as they should share a close bond and yet they both ignore and insult each other with snide remarks such as â€Å"silly old man. † Yet, the characters do share an attempted intimacy as the Old Man retells his painful and distressing story in the form of a monologue that is interrupted by the Boy. The Boy is ignored and this increases the drama and emphasizes the communication difficulties between the characters. Although Yeats characterises the Old Man and Boy to an extent, the lack of details reinforces the cold and detached elements of the play, and without names they are left unidentified to the audience and therefore could appear as symbolisations of anyone. Fear of the supernatural emerges from the fear of the unknown, and Yeats uses this idea to extend his tragic scene by presenting the ghosts as a misunderstood and mysterious element due to the Old Man not knowing how to prevent the ghosts from returning. He also doesn’t know how to deal with them, which can be seen in the way he attempts communicate with his mother by shouting â€Å"Don’t let him touch you! † despite knowing that she cannot hear him and he cannot interfere. Death is a foreboding unknown in everyone’s life that most are afraid of, and in Purgatory Yeats uses this to foreshadow the Boy’s death as the he mentions â€Å"Now I am young and you are old. † This creates confusion and tension as it is unclear who will die. Although the ghosts’ role in the play is limited, their presence is a constant reminder of past events, present actions and the future to come that all relates to death. This tension and the compactness of the play help to increase the intensity as well as invoke fear in the audience, which contributes to the final catharsis Yeats uses cyclical chronology within the play to illustrate the idea of time being a continual concept that cannot be stopped. It highlights the eternal nature of purgatory and expands the idea of the inevitability of the drama. Yeats’ use of the hoof beats signals the reoccurring cycle, allowing the events to begin and for the audience, who cannot hear the noise, to question the sanity of the Old Man. The simple lighting in the window, the props, stage effects and setting all help form the audience’s perception of a void place, therefore a tragic location filled with intensity, as anything more flamboyant would detract from the tragedy and therefore reduce its strength by distracting the attention onto details that do not contribute. Purgatory effectively demonstrates tragic intensity due to the brevity of the drama. This ensures that the audience’s focus is concentrated to such an extent on the plot that the drama becomes claustrophobic. There is no scenic juxtaposition, underlying subplot or change in scenery, which exaggerates this overpowering atmosphere and prevents a release from the tragedy – instead, a build-up of tension is created. Visually, the play is very precise and concentrated, and the anxiety of the dialogue is maintained until the final moments of the play, due to Yeats using his characters to produce emotions of fear and terror in the audience. The amount of emotional fluctuations in the short play only heightens the intensity by creating an overwhelming scene which leaves the audience emotionally exhausted before culminating in catharsis. Props and setting are essential to the play as the relevance of the knife and money goes straight to the core of the plot. Because there are no distractions on the stage, tension is created due to the attention and detail and each prop’s significance is more obvious and important. The â€Å"jack-knife† relates to a jackdaw – a species of birds that commit mercy killings amongst their flock, echoing the way the Old Man ends up stabbing his son, as it can be interpreted into the act of salvation of his mother. The setting too contains poignant features that are considerably tragic themselves. The tree is a constant reminder of the destruction of the Old Man’s family members as Yeats’ use of symbolism makes it a representation of his family tree. The house shows the ruins of the family’s livelihood and the fall of nobility, increasing the visual intensity seen upon the stage. It is also seen to represent a wider scale issue, the destruction of Ireland, and this symbolism shows the vast ruin of a country concentrated to a mere house. This is intensified as the tragedy is not reduced but shown on a small scale. Harold Bloom1 criticized Purgatory by attacking Yeats, believing there is â€Å"confusion†¦ n the play. † Bloom found the ending of the play a mass of confusion rather than causing the surge of emotions that are evoked at the end of a tragedy. This brings up the debate as to whether Yeats created an intense piece of drama or just a bewildering fifteen minute sketch. However, even if Purgatory is confusing due to the brevity, the myster ious plot can add to the overall tragedy, leaving the audience unsure of what they have witnessed, and fearful due to the rash actions of the Old Man and the presence of the paranormal. In conclusion, Yeats creates a scene with brimming with tragic intensity by using the minimal props, time, characters and plot. The brevity of Purgatory ensures a ‘scene of tragic intensity’ due to the resulting starkness, claustrophobia and desolate tone. The horrifying drama concludes with an dark, empty set, which is how it had started, therefore presenting the cyclicality of purgatory on the stage for the audience to see. Yeats successfully moulded every aspect of tragedy at his disposal and created an intensely dramatic production. How to cite Do you agree that Yeats creates a scene of tragic intensity in Purgatory?, Papers

Sex and Violence free essay sample

This has a profound effect on our society, specifically the adolescents that re still maturing and learning. Violence and sex are subjects that must be handled with caution, so that young people arent wrongly influenced by them. Human beings grow up with a natural ability to learn how to function in their environment and setting. Sexual and violent content are ever more present within many of the things considered to be popular within our culture. Overexposure toward these two themes can easily work to develop and shape a persons mindset.Americans have become increasingly desensitizing to the effects that various visualization of violence have on our culture. In fact often times children are exposed to equal amounts of these visuals as adults. For Instance, many of the games that young children and teenagers play revolve around violence. Games such as Call of Duty, Halo, and Gears of War work to saturate our youth with constant of Images of violence, with often times the amount of violence In the game being the marketing point. We will write a custom essay sample on Sex and Violence or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, many pediatricians have begun to notice and study the effects these games have on children Analyzing data from studies of 1,231 Japanese students (ages 12 to 18 years) and 364 U. S. Students (ages nine to 12 years), the authors found that children who played violent video games early In the school year exhibited Increases In physical aggression such as kicking, punching, and hitting three to six months later( Potter, Carol). The fact that simply playing a video game can trigger this kind of aggression is appalling, signaling the influence that they hold. If our youth continue to grow up with this kind of exposure to violence, they will start to feel that It Is normal and acceptable within our society. In order to prevent this we must work to regulate and diminish the amount of violent content present in the Edie and entertainment that are accessible to children. While television may have the ability to portray violence and sex with more vivid Imagery, the persuasive power of music must also be respected.Of course the current music In our culture Is equally obsessive with violent and sexual lyrics. Whether it be He;ivy Metal, Hip Hop, or Electronic nowadays all genres of music tend to have lyrics that include blatant references to sex and violence. This makes it Increasingly hard to find forms of music that Include appropriate and positive content. The lyrics contained In these songs tend to help foster a multitude of active activities. For instance, in an article written by Todd Neal he details the way music helps influence our behavior Studies have linked a preference for certain at raves has been associated with use of drugs and alcohol, while heavy metal and rap have been associated with reckless behavior and below-average academic performance, the authors said heavy metal and some types of rock music have also been associated with an increased risk of suicide, depression, delinquency risk behavior, smoking, and conduct problems (Neal, Todd). Obviously this shows that USIA can have an immense effect on a persons life and the way that they behave.These associations cant be taken lightly in the sense that almost everyone; especially teenagers listen to music at some point throughout their day. An example of this Mould be the fact that rap is more popular in urban, low income areas than it is in residential areas. In relation to the previous quote this would help prove the claim that rap influences reckless behavio r and lower academic performance. Most people surrounded by environments that support and play rap or rock have a higher propensity to act reckless. As a society we must regulate what is shown to our citizens. Media and entertainment possess a high power of influence over the current generation. With the abundance of sex and violence being shown, it is now hard to avoid or prevent it from being seen. As a result things detailing sex and violence have become what is popular to watch. Shows such as the Walking Dead, Breaking Bad and Sons of Anarchy all have extreme amounts of violence, yet are accessible to anyone who has cable television or internet. Another example is the show the Client List, which focuses on a masseuse who also specializes in providing sexual favors.Our entertainment industry push more and more amounts of graphic content to show. According to Jeff Jacobs we get accustomed to blood and mayhem and sleazy sex. We grow Jaded. Depravity becomes more and more tolerable because less and less cannibalizes us Jacob, Jeff. The reality is that we have already become Jaded as a people. Weve become sex obsessed and addicted to violent content. As a people we must work to rectify this and monitor what we and the people around us watch. After all these programs have invaded our television and may have already invaded our minds.

The freedom of speech in social media

The freedom of speech in social media The topic of the essay: The Freedom of Speech in the Modern WorldAdvertising We will write a custom annotated bibliography sample on The freedom of speech in social media specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The thesis statement: The freedom of speech is one of the main human rights. It is the topic of the political rhetoric and wide public discussions. The free media is the integral part of the democratic society. The protection of the freedom of expression is the mission of certain social organizations. Core areas of research: the human rights, freedom of expression, free media. Bennett, C. and Everett, R. (2011) Freedom of speech requires understanding and tolerance, The Register Guard, 25 September. Available at: Questia.  . The authors touch upon the problem of the freedom of speech and the government restrictions. In particular, they emphasize the importance of the free libraries providing the opportunity to become familiar with t he different opinions presented in the books. Garry, P. (1993) An American paradox: censorship in a nation of free speech.  Westport, CT:  Praeger. The book uncovers the paradox of the American society: the co-existence of the freedom of speech flourished by the public and the censorship, which restricts it. The author gives his own arguments explaining this phenomenon. In particular, he indicates to the significant changes occurring in the American society. Gelber, K. (2011) Freedom of speech and Australian political Culture, University of Queensland Law Journal, 30(1), pp. 135-144. The article is devoted to the recognition of the freedom of speech in Australia. It also encompasses the results of the survey aimed at investigation of the opinion of the Australians on their constitutional rights including the freedom of expression. The author presents the definitions of the freedom of speech given by the Australian politicians. Freedom of expression  (no date) Available at: fre edomhouse.org/issues/freedom-expression  . The webpage is devoted to the freedom of expression as one of the basic human rights and describes the activity of Freedom House in its protection. The major branches of the organization’s support are mentioned on the webpage. Besides, it emphasizes the role of journalists and media in the realization of the freedom of speech.Advertising Looking for annotated bibliography on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More IMS Conference on ICTs and networked communications environments: opportunities and threats for press freedom and democratization  (2008) Available at: i-m-s.dk/files/publications/Conf.report.final.low.pdf  Ã‚  . The information presented in the source is devoted to the role of the information and communication technologies in the spreading of the freedom of speech and the facilitation of the democratic process in the different countries . It represents the report on the results of the IMS Conference. The advances in the technology and their impact on the media are discussed in the source. Little, C. (2013) Democracy depends upon free media and an informed public, Miami Herald, 16 September.  Available at: https://www.miamiherald.com/opinion/op-ed/speak-up/article1955056.html  . The author of the article touches upon the controversy around the freedom of speech. She presents her own opinion on the collision of the human rights, which frequently occurs in the society. She also touches upon the activity of the much-talked-of website WikiLeaks. Reference List Bennett, C. and Everett, R. (2011) Freedom of speech requires understanding and tolerance, The Register Guard, 25 September. Available at: Questia.  . Garry, P. (1993) An American paradox: censorship in a nation of free speech.  Westport, CT:  Praeger. Gelber, K. (2011) Freedom of speech and Australian political Culture, University of Queensland Law Jour nal, 30(1), pp. 135-144. Freedom of expression  (no date) Available at: freedomhouse.org/issues/freedom-expression  . Freedom of expression: a right with responsibilities  (2007) Available at: http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/files/25450/11909025761Greve-Hanne-Sophie.pdf/Greve-Hanne-Sophie.pdf  .Advertising We will write a custom annotated bibliography sample on The freedom of speech in social media specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More IMS Conference on ICTs and networked communications environments: opportunities and threats for press freedom and democratization  (2008) Available at: i-m-s.dk/files/publications/Conf.report.final.low.pdf  Ã‚  . Little, C. (2013) Democracy depends upon free media and an informed public, Miami Herald, 16 September.  Available at: https://www.miamiherald.com/opinion/op-ed/speak-up/article1955056.html  .

The Citizen Genêt Affair of 1793

The Citizen Genà ªt Affair of 1793 The new United States federal government had largely managed to avoid serious diplomatic incidents until 1793. And then along came Citizen Genà ªt. Now more infamously known as â€Å"Citizen Genà ªt,† Edmond Charles Genà ªt served as France’s foreign minister to the United States from 1793 to 1794. Rather than maintaining friendly relationships between the two nations, Genà ªt’s activities entangled France and the United States in a diplomatic crisis that endangered the United States government’s attempts to remain neutral in the conflict between Great Britain and Revolutionary France. While France ultimately resolved the dispute by removing Genà ªt from his position, the events of the Citizen Genà ªt affair forced the United States to create its first set of procedures governing international neutrality. Citizen Genà ªt Edmond Charles Genà ªt was virtually raised to be a government diplomat. Born in Versailles in 1763, he was the ninth son of a lifelong French civil servant, Edmond Jacques Genà ªt, a head clerk in the ministry of foreign affairs. The elder Genà ªt analyzed British naval strength during the Seven Years War and monitored the progress of the American Revolutionary War. By the age of 12, the young Edmond Genà ªt was considered a prodigy due to his ability to read French, English, Italian, Latin, Swedish, Greek, and German. In 1781, at age 18, Genà ªt was appointed court translator and in 1788 was assigned to the French embassy in Saint Petersburg, Russia to serve as ambassador. Genà ªt eventually came to despise all monarchical systems of government, including not only the French monarchy but the Tsarist Russian regime under Catherine the Great, as well. Needless to say, Catherine was offended and in 1792, declared Genà ªt persona non grata, calling his presence â€Å"not only superfluous but even intolerable.† The same year, the anti-monarchist Girondist group rose to power in France and appointed Genà ªt to his post of minister to the United States. Diplomatic Setting of the Citizen Genà ªt Affair During the 1790s, American foreign policy was dominated by the multi-national fallout being generated by the French Revolution. After the violent overthrow of the French monarchy in 1792, the French revolutionary government faced an often-violent colonial power struggle with the monarchies of Great Britain and Spain. In 1793, President George Washington had just appointed former U.S. ambassador to France Thomas Jefferson as America’s first Secretary of State. When the French Revolution led to war between America’s top trade partner Britain and American Revolution ally France, President Washington urged Jefferson, along with the rest of his Cabinet, to maintain a policy of neutrality. However, Jefferson, as leader of the anti-federalist Democratic-Republican Party, sympathized with the French revolutionaries. Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton, leader of the Federalist Party, favored maintaining existing alliances- and treaties- with Great Britain. Convinced that supporting either Great Britain or France in a war would place the still comparatively weak United States in imminent danger of invasion by foreign armies, Washington issued a proclamation of neutrality on April 22, 1793. It was this setting that the French government sent Genà ªt – one of its most experienced diplomats- to America to seek the U.S. government’s help in protecting its colonies in the Caribbean. As far as the French government was concerned, America could help them as either an active military ally or as a neutral supplier of arms and materials. Genà ªt was also assigned to: Obtain advance payments on debts owed to France by the United States;Negotiate a commercial agreement between the United States and France; andImplement provisions of the 1778 Franco-American treaty allowing France to attack British merchant ships using French ships stationed in American ports. Unfortunately, Genà ªt’s actions in trying to carry out his mission would bring him – and potentially his government- into direct conflict with the U.S. government. Hello, America. I’m Citizen Genà ªt and I’m Here to Help As soon as he stepped off the ship in Charleston, South Carolina on April 8, 1793, Genà ªt introduced himself as â€Å"Citizen Genà ªt† in an effort to emphasize his pro-revolutionary stance. Genà ªt hoped his affection for French revolutionaries would help him win the hearts and minds of Americans who had recently fought their own revolution, with the help of France, of course. The first American heart and mind Genà ªt apparently won belonged to South Carolina governor William Moultrie. Genà ªt convinced Gov. Moultrie to issue privateering commissions that authorized the bearers, regardless of their country of origin, to board and seize British merchant ships and their cargo for their own profit, with the approval and protection of the French government. In May 1793, Genà ªt arrived in Philadelphia, then the U.S. capital. However, when he presented his diplomatic credentials, Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson told him that President Washington’s Cabinet considered his agreement with Gov. Moultrie sanctioning the operations of foreign privateers in American seaports to be a violation of the U.S. policy of neutrality. Taking more wind from Genà ªt’s sails, the U.S. Government, already holding favorable trade privileges in French ports, refused to negotiate a new trade treaty. Washington’s Cabinet also refused Genà ªt’s request for advance payments on U.S. debts to the French government. Genà ªt Defies Washington Not to be deterred by the U.S. government’s warnings, Genà ªt began outfitting another French pirate ship in Charleston Harbor named the Little Democrat. Defying further warnings from U.S. officials to not allow the ship to leave port, Genà ªt continued to prepare the Little Democrat to sail. Further fanning the flames, Genà ªt threatened to bypass the U.S. government by taking his case for French piracy of British ships to the American people, who he believed would back his cause. However, Genà ªt failed to realize that President Washington- and his international neutrality policy- enjoyed great public popularity. Even as President Washington’s Cabinet was discussing how to convince the French government to recall him, Citizen Genà ªt allowed the Little Democrat to sail and begin attacking British merchant ships. Upon learning of this direct violation of the U.S. government’s neutrality policy, Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton asked Secretary of State Jefferson to immediately expel Genà ªt from the United States. Jefferson, however, decided to take the more diplomatic tact of sending a request Genà ªt’s recall to the French government. By the time Jefferson’s request for Genà ªt’s recall reached France, political power within the French government shifted. The radical Jacobins group had replaced the slightly less radical Girondins, who had originally sent Genà ªt to the United States. The foreign policy of the Jacobins favored maintaining friendlier relations with neutral countries that could provide France with crucially needed food. Already unhappy with his failure to fulfill his diplomatic mission and suspecting him of remaining loyal to the Girondins, the French government stripped Genà ªt of his position and demanded that the U.S. government hand him over to French officials sent to replace him. Aware that Genà ªt’s return to France would almost certainly result in his execution, President Washington and Attorney General Edmund Randolph allowed him to remain in the United States. The Citizen Genà ªt affair came to a peaceful end, with Genà ªt himself continuing to reside in the United States until his death in 1834. The Citizen Genà ªt Affair Solidified  US Neutrality Policy In response to the Citizen Genà ªt affair, the United States immediately established a formal policy regarding international neutrality. On August 3, 1793, President Washington’s Cabinet unanimously signed a set of regulations regarding neutrality. Less than a year later, on June 4, 1794, Congress formalized those regulations with its passage of the Neutrality Act of 1794. As the basis for U.S. neutrality policy, the Neutrality Act of 1794 makes it illegal for any American to wage war against any country currently at peace with the United States. In part, the Act declares: â€Å"If any person shall within the territory or jurisdiction of the United States begin or set on foot or provide or prepare the means for any military expedition or enterprise ... against the territory or dominions of any foreign prince or state of whom the United States was at peace that person would be guilty of a misdemeanor.† Although amended several times over the years, the Neutrality Act of 1794 remains in force today.

Give me at least 3 question to discussion after your reading. then Research Paper

Give me at least 3 question to discussion after your reading. then answer the following questions - Research Paper Example It is of much importance that organizations venture the global markets fast but in a realistic manner. When seeking employment, such will be the issues to consider on how best you can help the organization achieve and maintain a global profile. It is evident that organizations need global managers. Do you think that it is the sole responsibility of managers to achieve the objective, or leaders have a role to play in achieving the objective? Can the role of managers and leaders be quantified to establish which one has the greatest significance? What would be your role as a manager, leader, or both, in realizing the objective of global recognition? Kotter convincingly argue that management and leadership roles are complementary, despite them being different. The major difference between the two is that, while managers promote stability, leaders drive change derived from the complex issues that managers solve. The difference is enough to explain that both cannot work independently. In the contemporary world, technological advancements are attributable to the changes in how organizations are run. In the past decade, the internet did not have a significant role in organizations. In addition, smartphones have increasingly been a part of the accessibility of information with the help of the internet. The organizational culture is constantly changing to accommodate the technological advancements and maintain a competitive advantage. In my opinion, I have strong leadership skills, bearing in mind the distinctive characteristics of managers and leaders. Leadership skills are not innate; they are acquired. The working environment shapes individuals to become leaders. On the contrary, management skills are influenced by personal traits. It is evident that leaders focus on the vision and adjust their skills in a manner that is suitable for the team and the organization as a whole. On the other hand, managers set the vision, but it may not be achieved

OSHA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

OSHA - Essay Example I would gain the necessary knowledge and fully understand how it applies to the business industry I am in. More so, I would, absolutely, provide the necessary training to all employees; that way everyone is on the â€Å"same page.† If everyone is clear in what is necessary, expected, and why it is important then, very likely, the business would operate efficiently, effectively, and safely. Regardless of the industry your business falls under, agricultural, construction, health care, mining or manufacturing, there are available resources for understanding and implementing the proper health and safety requirements for your business. The most important element to making certain that the necessary OSHA requirements are being met is through guaranteeing that the safety and health policies within the company are enforced Larger business, in particular may not be aware that their managers, supervisors, and employees are not following or enforcing the requirements. This can become a problem because OSHA can appear for an impromptu inspection; no prior warning is required. For this reason, I think I would be very vigilant and actively involved in making certain that all rules and procedures are being followed. Also, although I am not a fan of a â€Å"snitch mentality† among the workers, I would make certain that there were safe and anonymous way for anyone who witnesses serious negligence in regards to safety or its policies; the anonymity will prevent fear of retaliation and give the business the opportunity to step into the situation and fix the problems. I think that if I provide the training, lead by example, and follow all procedures then the business I am responsible for will remain OSHA friendly. OSHA is an organization filled with the research, hard work, and effort of thousands of Safety Professionals.("Industry-Specific Resource: OSHA" 1) The safety professions, in simplest terms, are those

90s :: essays research papers

Music in the nineties can be simply described as diverse. Diverse meaning that music has been segregated into hundreds of groups. This report will refer in detail to three genres of music: Alternative Country, Rap, Alternative Rock. It will also cover certain aspects indicative of the 90's. Alternative Country Music In 1990, a band called Uncle Tupelo from Belleville, Illinois, released their debut album. Titled No Depression, it featured a rough mixture of punk-rock songs, but it also added something different: several toned-down, acoustic ballads that had a distinct country flavor. A few years later, that simple little song and album title became the name of an internet fan club and chat group. It didn't stop there, in 1995, a magazine of the same name went into publication, and "No Depression" soon became the leading title for a progressive alternative country movement. Other names include "insurgent country" "Americana," or simply "alt.country," the latter is a reminder of the role the internet has played in the growth and publicity of this movement. For the most part, No Depression or alt.country bands aren't much of a threat to the sales figures of mainstream Nashville country artists. But the speed with which this music has caught on has shown that a substantial number of people have grown weary of the overproduced pop trends of 1990's mainstream country music, and the limited range of styles and sounds that are typically played on country radio stations. Rap Music Rap of the late 70's and 80's, commonly called "old school", was made by DJs scratching records and playing drum loops, with MCs rapping over the resulting rhythms. As the genre progressed, hard-rock guitars and hard-hitting beats were introduced by Run-D.M.C., the first hardcore rap group, and the scratching techniques were replaced by sampling. With their dense collages of samples, beats and white noise, Public Enemy took sampling to the extreme, and they helped introduce a social and political conscience to rap. This faded in the '90s, as gangsta rap, originally introduced by NWA, who used Public Enemy's sound as a template, became the dominant form. By the '90s, gangsta rap, which originally was in direct opposition to such pop-oriented rappers as MC Hammer, had become smoothed over and stylish, and consequently was more popular than ever, as evidenced by the success of pop-gangsta Puff Daddy in the late 90's. Alternative Rock Music Alternative pop/rock is essentially a catch-all term for post-punk bands from the mid-'80s to the mid-'90s. Though there is a variety of musical styles within alternative rock, they are all tied together since they originally existed outside of the mainstream.

Leadership and Organizational Psychology

Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), a discretionary behavior that contribute to organizational effectiveness ( like helping coworkers) but are not part of an employees formal job description, is said to be determined by a number of individual differences and situational determinants (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.25). According to the studies conducted in OB, satisfied employees are more prone to go beyond their call of duty because they want to reciprocate their positive experiences to their co-workers or customers, in service oriented organizations. They would seem more likely to talk positively about the organization, help others, and go beyond the normal expectations in their job (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.25). The most important factor that is believed to be a large contributory to OCB, and in fact identified as its major determinant, is Job Satisfaction. In layman's term, job satisfaction is simply linked with an employee's favorable attitude towards his work. It has major facets namely: the work itself, pay, advancement opportunities, supervision and coworkers enjoying the work itself. These factors almost always have the strongest correlation to high levels of overall job satisfaction (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.23). In other words, most people prefer more challenging and stimulating work the predictable and routine ones. Common questions explored by researchers deal with the relationship of pay to job satisfaction. An interesting relationship between salary and job satisfaction reveals a correlation of the two for people who are poor or those who live in poor countries. However,   once an individual reaches a level of comfortable living ( in the United States, that occurs at about $ 40,000 a year, depending on the region and family size), the relationship virtually disappears. In fact, findings of one study show that people who earn $ 80,000 are on average, no happier with their jobs than those who earn close to $ 40,000. This means that overall job satisfaction is not only linked with pay but with other factors as well (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.23). One identified area where satisfaction might differ concerns an individual's personality. Some people are predisposed to like almost anything, and others are unhappy even in the seemingly greatest jobs. According to research findings, people who have a negative personality, those who tend to be grumpy, critical, and negative, are usually less satisfied with their jobs. One study, using the Neutral Objects Satisfaction Questionnaire,   found that nurses who were dissatisfied with the majority of the items on the list were also dissatisfied with their jobs and this is not surprising (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.24). The effects of an employee's satisfaction and dissatisfaction in the workplace manifest when employees like their jobs and when they do not. A review of 300 studies suggested that the correlation between job satisfaction and job performance is pretty strong. Moreover, when the organization level was explored by comparing satisfaction and productivity data, results revealed that organizations with more satisfied employees tend to be more effective than organizations with fewer satisfied employees (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.24). How one perceives an organization is also a determinant of OCB. If an employee perceives it as supportive, he is more likely to show positive attitude towards work. According to research findings, an organization is considered as supportive when the rewards are deemed fair; employees have a voice in the decision making, and when their supervisors are seen as supportive. An employee may engage or involve himself more openly in the organization's undertakings and show more enthusiasm for the work he does, if he has felt and experienced the organization's support, if he sees the availability of resources and the opportunities to learn new skills, if he feels that his work is important and meaningful and if he considers his interactions with his coworkers and supervisors as rewarding (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.21). Several studies have tried to link high job involvement with high job satisfaction. Similarly, they have tried to explore the correlation of high perceived organizational support with strong organizational commitment. Evidence suggests that these attitudes are highly related, perhaps to a troubling degree. The correlation between perceived organizational support and affective commitment is very strong but, is feared also to be a result of. redundancy in predictive variables. While there is some measure of distinctiveness among these attitudes, they do overlap greatly and the overlap may exist for various reasons, including the employee’s personality. Some people are predisposed to be positive or negative about almost everything. For example, if someone tells you she loves her company, it is also possible that she is positive about everything else in her life. It is also possible that the overlap is due to the fact that some organizations are just all around better places to work than the others (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.22). Early discussions of OCB assumed that it was closely linked with satisfaction. However, more recent evidence suggests the other way around. Job satisfaction influences OCB, but through perceptions of fairness. In fact, a modest overall relationship exists between job satisfaction and OCB, but satisfaction is unrelated to OCB when fairness is controlled for. This means that basically, job satisfaction comes down to conceptions of fair outcomes, treatment, and procedures. For example, if you do not feel that your supervisor, the organizations procedures, or pay policies are fair; your job satisfaction is likely to be significantly affected. However, when you perceive organizational processes and outcomes to be fair, you develop trust and when you trust your employer, you are more willing to voluntarily engage in behaviors that go beyond your formal job requirements (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.25). In service jobs where employees often interact with customers, job satisfaction and customer satisfaction is closely linked. Since the management of service organizations is concerned with pleasing their customers to increase loyalty, values linked with customer satisfaction are being introduced, instilled and strictly implemented among employees. Especially for frontline employees who have regular contact with customers. Research  Ã‚   evidence indicates that satisfied employees increase customer satisfaction and loyalty. This is because in service organizations, customer retention and defection are highly dependent on how frontline employees deal with customers. Satisfied employees are more likely to be friendly, upbeat, and responsive to customer’s needs, which customers themselves appreciate. Because satisfied employees are less prone to turnover, customers are more likely to encounter familiar faces and receive experienced service.   These qualities build customer satisfaction and loyalty.   Similarly, dissatisfied customers can increase an employee’s job dissatisfaction.   Employees who have regular contact with rude, thoughtless, unreasonably demanding and often irate customers adversely affect the employees’ job satisfaction (Robbins & Judge, 2007, p.26). OCB, based on the related literature, is determined by several factors namely: the employee's level of job satisfaction, his personality, how he perceives the organization and his actual experiences at work. References Robbins, Stephen P. and Timothy A. Judge. (2007). Essentials of Organizational Behavior.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (9th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.      

Competition and Happiness by Theodore Rubin Free Essay Example, 1750 words

According to Rubin, the central point of focus in one s life during a competition is fundamentally from without one s self. It is our competition and not us and our exact needs that determine how we spend our energy and time. As a result, our sense of personality gets weakened, and to make up for this ever-rising feeling of worthlessness and susceptibility we continue competing, inculcating a self-depleting cycle (Rubin 1). After enough depletion has occurred to rule out any possibility of more successful competition, one is hit by the feeling of hopelessness and futility, and then the individual s life appears purposeless. Rubin goes ahead to state that race originated and can be traced back to a primitive past and cannot be in any way claimed to be genetic leftover (Rubin 1). It is handed down to us by means of training within the society from one generation to the other. The training is always initiated at very early stages in the members of the society, which is evidently see n from the sibling rivalry that starts at very tender ages. Sibling rivalry, as is proposed by Rubin, is not instinctual, rather it is instigated by the parents who themselves are caught in a similar trap spending large amounts of energy and time trying to outdoor others. We will write a custom essay sample on Competition and Happiness by Theodore Rubin or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now It has even been observed that several children are forced into the Little League, or any other comparable competitive structures with the excuse that such activities will encourage the self-development of the children, their well-being, and their general health (Rubin 1). In the real sense, these organizations and activities virtually always act as vicarious channels set to satisfy the parental desire for competitive success. Individuals raised up in this manner would feel left out if they are unexpectedly plunged into such situations where there is a little competitive tension (Rubin 1). Owing to the fact that they are brought up just to compete and have lost their sense of living, when presented with the new situation, they make up hierarchies and gimmicks to supply the incentives they require going on with life, even if such inventions are in the end disparaging to the inner peace and individual health.